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最近地球转得更快了

最近地球转得更快了

其他分类 地球 双语译文
2619
2021-01-08 16:11:15

The Earth has been spinning faster lately

最近地球转得更快了

by Bob Yirka , Phys.org

鲍勃·伊尔卡(Bob Yirka),Phys.org


20210108161601800346.png

Public Domain

公共领域


Scientists around the world have noted that the Earth has been spinning on its axis faster lately—the fastest ever recorded. Several scientists have spoken to the press about the unusual phenomenon, with some pointing out that this past year saw some of the shortest days ever recorded.

世界各地的科学家都注意到,最近地球自转的速度是有史以来最快的。一些科学家已经向媒体发表了有关这种异常现象的谈话,其中指出过去一年的一些记录是有史以来最短的。


For most of the history of mankind, time has been marked by the 24-hour day/night cycle (with some alterations made for convenience as the seasons change). The cycle is governed by the speed at which the planet spins on its axis. Because of that, the length of a day has become the standard by which time is marked—each day lasts approximately 86,400 seconds. The day/night cycle is remarkably consistent despite the fact that it actually varies slightly on a regular basis.

在人类的大多数历史中,时间都是以24小时昼夜循环来标记的(随着季节的变化,为了方便起见进行了一些更改)。周期由行星自转的速度决定。因此,一天的长度已成为标记时间的标准,每一天大约持续86,400秒。尽管昼夜周期实际上经常有微小的变化,但昼夜周期还是非常一致的。


Several decades ago, the development of atomic clocks began allowing scientists to record the passage of time in incredibly small increments, in turn, allowing for measuring the length of a given day down to the millisecond. And that has led to the discovery that the spin of the planet is actually far more variable than once thought. Since such measurements began, scientists have also found that the Earth was slowing its spin very gradually (compensated by the insertion of a leap second now and then)—until this past year, when it began spinning faster—so much so that some in the field have begun to wonder if a negative leap negative second might be needed this year, an unprecedented suggestion. Scientists also noted that this past summer, on July 19, the shortest day ever was recorded—it was 1.4602 milliseconds shorter than the standard.

几十年前,原子钟的发展开始使科学家能够以令人难以置信的小增量记录时间的流逝,从而可以测量一天的长度,直至毫秒。这导致人们发现,行星的自转实际上比以前想象的要多得多。自从进行这样的测量以来,科学家们还发现地球正在缓慢地减慢其自转速度(通过不时插入a秒来补偿)-直到去年,当它开始更快地旋转时,-如此之多业界已经开始怀疑,今年是否需要负飞跃负秒,这是前所未有的建议。科学家们还指出,去年夏天,即719日,记录了有史以来最短的一天比标准时间短1.4602毫秒。


Planetary scientists are not concerned about the new finding; they have learned that there are many factors that have an impact on planetary spin—including the moon's pull, snowfall levels and mountain erosion. They also have begun wondering if global warming might push the Earth to spin faster as the snow caps and high-altitude snows begin disappearing. Computer scientists, on the other hand, are somewhat concerned about the shifting spin speed—so much of modern technology is based on what they describe as "true time." Adding a negative leap second could lead to problems, so some have suggested shifting the world's clocks from solar time to atomic time.

行星科学家并不关心这个新发现;他们了解到,有许多因素会影响行星自转-包括月球的吸引力,降雪量和山地侵蚀。他们还开始怀疑,随着雪盖和高海拔雪开始消失,全球变暖是否会推动地球自转更快。另一方面,计算机科学家对旋转速度的变化有些担心-现代技术的大部分都基于他们所说的真实时间。增加负的leap秒可能会导致问题,因此一些人建议将世界时钟从太阳时转换为原子时。


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来源于:phys

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